It is named for the Mexican state of Chihuahua, where merchants began selling the small dog to border tourists during the 1800s.
It is thought to have been derived from the Techichi, a small, mute dog kept by the Toltec people of Mexico as long ago as the 9th century AD.
The Aztecs, who eventually conquered the Toltecs, adopted the Chihuahua as a sacred icon of the upper class.
If you rub your Chihuahua's head and feel an opening in his skull, try not to panic. Known as a molera or "soft spot", approximately 80% to 90% of all Chihuahuas are born with this anatomical feature. It was once even considered a mark of purity in the breed.
The rounded "apple" head is a breed hallmark. Dogs of the older "deer" type, with a flat-topped head, more widely set eyes, and larger ears, may still be registered--but the American Kennel Club strongly prefers the apple shape for show dogs.
The Taco Bell Chihuahua was an advertising figure and mascot for the restaurant chain from September 1997 to July 2000. Its advertising catchphrase was "¡Yo quiero Taco Bell!" ("I want Taco Bell!"). The character grew so popular that toy figures of the dog were produced, and "Yo quiero (X)" became a recognized piece of pop culture. The dog also started two additional catchphrases: "Drop the chalupa!" (which became an oft-quoted phrase on SportsCenter) and "Viva Gorditas!"
A historical letter written by Columbus to the King of Spain makes reference to the tiny dog, and it is probable that he brought some of the dogs with him on his return journey.
Chihuahua pups have large, round heads that are difficult for their mothers to push through the birth canal. Because of this, cesarean sections are frequently necessary.
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